Personality Traits

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Type-A and Type-B personalities

Two American cardiologists, Friedmann and Rosenman, noticed that many of their patients with heart disease shared similar personality characteristics and tended to find it difficult to adjust their lifestyle in a way that would aid recuperation. After detailed research they discovered a significant relationship between certain habitual behavioural patterns and stress-related illness.

They reported that males with Type-A behaviour were six times as likely to suffer heart disease as men who exhibited Type-B behaviour. Type-A behaviour features four main patterns:

Many studies of people who exhibit Type-A personalities in a wide range of contexts show that common characteristics include:

Type-A behaviour places more stress on the cardiovascular system, stimulating high blood pressure, high heart rate and increased risk of heart attacks.

Type-B behaviour is the opposite: more relaxed, less hurried, less competitive. The main character traits include:

Classifying individuals as either Type-A or Type-B personalities helps to explain why some people are more prone to stress-related disease. It should be emphasized, however, that the distinction between these two personality types is not absolute; most people will fall between the two extreme types described.